EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY USING OF MODERN Α2-AGONISTS IN ANESTHESIA FOR CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION

Abstract

In modern anesthesiology, there is a constant search for new adjuvants for anesthesia in order to improve postoperative comfort, control pain and reduce the number of complications. A2 agonists have pharmacological effects (sympatholytic, anxiolytic, antinociceptive) that contribute to the achievement of the above goals. The study involved 77 patients undergoing corneal transplantation. The patients were divided into 2 groups: control (group K) - 45 people and the main (group D) - 32 people. In both groups, multicomponent anesthesia was used, in group C, sibazone was used for sedation, in group D, dexmedetomidine. The main criteria for assessing the results were: stability of hemodynamics and gas exchange, the amount of opiates consumed, the severity of postoperative pain and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Both schemes made it possible to avoid pronounced fluctuations in hemodynamic and gas exchange parameters at all stages of the study. Episodic episodes of hypotension and bradycardia in group D were easily stopped by reducing the rate of drug infusion. When analyzing the quality of pain relief after surgery, it was found that the level of pain on the visual analogue scale (VAS) after waking up in both groups was equal to 0, at the next three stages of the study (2 hours, 6 hours after surgery and on the morning of the next day) the level of pain in group K was significantly higher than in group D. In addition, it was found that in group K the need for narcotic analgesics and the number of episodes of postoperative nausea and vomiting were statistically significantly higher than in group D. The above data allow us to conclude that that dexmedetomidine is an effective and safe anesthetic adjuvant for corneal transplantation.