RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF DEFINING THE NOTIONS «RESPONSIBILITY» AND «RESPONSIBLE ATTITUDE»

Abstract

The article offers a retrospective analysis of definitions "responsibility" and "responsible attitude" as a scientific category from the standpoint of various sciences: philosophy, psychology and pedagogy. It has been found that the concept "responsibility" covers all areas and levels of life, starting with an individual, society and society as a whole. Responsibility is one of the most important subjective properties, which is evident in the character of the individual, feelings, self-awareness and various forms of behavior. At the same time, as a feature of any real human relationship, responsibility is a sign of moral maturity in settling social relations. In philosophical discourse, "responsibility" is considered a systemic phenomenon in the following aspects: in terms of analysing responsibility as a quality with certain components and ways of interrelation; in the context of understanding responsibility as a multidimensional phenomenon with an inherent internal hierarchy; studying responsibility as a set of opposites with a systemic nature - dynamism and content, personal and collective, biological and social; revealing individual specifics of responsibility in the life of social groups. Studying the problem of responsibility, psychologists believe that it is a characteristic of the individual's attitude to people and define it as a systemic quality, due to which one becomes aware of long-term consequences of their actions, it develops high sensitivity to various life situations; that responsibility is manifested not only in character but also in feelings, consciousness, worldview, various forms of behavior. It was determined that teachers link responsibility to specific cases; with internal moral imperatives; consider it as a social quality that is formed on the basis of a clear fixation of responsibilities; as an ability of an individual to form responsibilities, perform them, exercise self-esteem and control; as a sense of conscience and duty expressed through responsibility.